Method of preparing starch conversion products



UNITED STATES 'PATENTOO OFFICE.

ROBERT E. BRIGHT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR '10 STEIN HALL UFAC-TURIN G COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOTS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

METHOD or PREPARING srnncn convers on rnonuc'rs.

No Drawing. Original application filed February 7, 1921, Serial No. 443,24 3.- -Dividcd and'tliis cation filed December 17, 1921. Serial 1Y0.523,202.

,To all whom it mag concemt' 1 3e it known that I, ROBERT E. BRIGH-T, aclt zen -of the United States, residing at Ch1cago, 1nv the county ,ofCook and-State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful.Improvement in Methods of Pre paring Starch Conversion Products, of

which the following is av full, clear, concise, and exact descriptionThis application, which is a divisional application of my applicationSerial Number 443,243, filed February 7, 1921,'-relates toa process forthe-manufacture of starch conversion products and has to do; moreparticularly with the manufacture of a' starch conversion productcomprising a plurality of sugars, which is useful for many purposes, inthe art and particularly I as an addltlon agent toflour, enabling bakersto produce bread and other flour products of a superior character in aneconomical manner. e

I have found that by subjecting suitable starches or starch bearingmaterials to the action of heat and a chemical, or chemicals,

a series of degradation, or conversion,

products, ranging w fromunaltered starch, through the intermediate .Inthe form which I at present prefer, the

product is a dry, or substantially dry, compound containingapproximately thin I teen per cent of starch; sixty-two per cent of theintermediate products of amylolysis, which may include such substancesas tetra-.

' amylose and hexa-amylose; thirteen per cent of starch sugars, such asmaltose, dextrose, iso-maltose, fructose and raflinose, and 0.4

per centof free acid, together with'smaller This dry,

amounts of other ingredients. I white product,- ma be suitably mixedwith wheat, orhother our, in varying -proportions. 7

The method of using the said product and they functions it performs inthe breadmakmg operation are more fully discussed products of amylolysisto starch sugars is produced, which products when treated with waterSpecification bf Letters Patent. Patented Mar, 28, 1922;

app

not be considered here. a For the sake of 'a concrete exampleillustrating one way 1n which my novel flour improver'may bemanufactured in an es-- peclally desirable form, details of a specificprocedure within the scope of the broadinvention will now be set forth,It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not limited tothe precise details described but may be varied within the scope of theappended claims in which the invention is more particularly pointed out.

In manufacturing-my improved product from corn starch "in accordancewith the process of the lnvention, the following -method of procedurehas been found especially desirable in practice. Powdered corn starch isfirst acidulated with a dilute solution of chemically pure hydrochloricacid. The amount of the chemically pure hydrochloric acid used. is from0.5 to 0.75

percent of the weight of the starch to be is diluted with water,'beforeadding it to the starch, to give asolution of about 10 treated; and thisamount of the pure acid I to 11' Baume After thoroughly mixing thisdilute acid solution with the starchythe acidulatedstarch is then putinto a steam jacketed converter provided with agitating means, and thetemperature is raised to about 325 F. by means of steam at 75 to vpounds gage pressure supplied to the converter jacket. While it isdesirable toraise the mixture to the specified treating temperature as'quickly .as possible .com-

mensurate with obtaining awhite product,

care must be taken,- where a, pure white final product is desired, notto turnon the full steam pressure at once. This is because the moisturecontent of the mixture should i be practically all evaporated .andremoved before actual conversion begins; otherwise transformation ofthemoisture into steam and active conversion would proceed simultaneous'ly,.resulting in darkening the color of the final product. 4 p

Heating and agitating of the acidulated starch at approximately 325 F.is continued for a -eriod of time varying. in practice from al out oneh'ourto one hour and fifteen 'ininutes, or until a test sample of theprod-- f Y 'uctshows a water solubility of from 50 to 60 per cent;-aproduct answering tothese identifying characteristics beingparticularly desirable as hereinbefore pointed out.

Where a lower or higher content of starch sugars, and a correspondinglower or higher degree of 'Water solubility is sought, the time oftreatment is correspondingly re-' duced or increased. A higher degree ofsolubility and a higher starch sugar-content can also be obtained byincreasing the amount of acid used and employinga higher treat-' ingtemperature. In any case, the progress of the conversion or degradationof the starch is .carefull observed by taking frequent test. samp es forexamination;- and when the proper composition has been ob-' tained, theheating is immediately stopped and the product is cooled as quickly aspossible to say 140? F. or lower ,after which the product is bolted andpacked in barrels and ba sfor shipment.

As before s'tated, the specificexample of? the novel process andproductjh'ereinbefore I made without departing from-theispirit and'chari'de sugars, is obtairiedli. 1

, 2. The process ofv amylolysis; which comhe product obtained incarrying out the process, in accordance With the specific procedureabove described, by way of a typical example, has the followingcomposition, cal; culated on a dry basis:

Per dent. Moisture 5.6 Unaltered' starch 1- 13.4

Intermediate products of amylolysis (such as. tetra-amylose andhexaamylose), 60.

Starch sugars (such as 'maltose, dextrosc, rafiinose and other monoandpolysaccharides) -15.5

given are merely illustrative and explana tory', and-various changes. indetail may be scopeof 'the inventioni' v p risesihtreatin'gflasubstantially dry .starch' fmaterial'fwithhydrochlorici facid '{iin aniamount equal to one half of one percent of- 1.- '.'.hexprocessofamylolysis, which am;

the -material to treatedf graduat d.

.i sub'ecting th'e material-{so tree d until-substantially alliof ,tli

specific gravity of approirimately 1,19 B

dry. ro duc t having; a sugar content of lupf wa sfioffslx perkcentmonofiand prises treating a substantially fdry starch material withhydrochloric acid in an amount equal to one half of one er cent of thematerial to be treated and dlluted to a specific gravity ofapproximately 11 Baum, subjecting the material, so treated, to heatuntil substantiallyall of the water content is driven off, andcontinuing the heating at a higherv temperature until a substantiallydry product havin a sugar content of monoand poly-sacchari e sugars, isobtained.

3. The process ofamylolysis which coinprises treating a substantiallydry starch material with hydrochoric acid in an amount equal to one halfof one percent of the material to be treated and diluted to: a specificall of'the water content is driven oitand I continuing the heating at ahigher temperature until a substantially dry product hav ing a sugarcontent oi: monoand poly-sac.- charide sugars, is obtained. I

5 The process of amylolysis which comprises treating 'a substantiallydry starchmaterial with dilute'hydrochloric acid in an amountapproximately five percent of the material to be treated,.subjecting themate- 1 V rial, so treated, to heat until'substantially all of the watercontent is driven 0E and continuing the heating until a substantiallydry product having a sugar content of upwards ofsix per cent mono andpoly-sae 'ch aride'sugars, is obtained.

6. The' process of amylolysis which coma prises' treatin a substantiallydry starch material with ydrochloric acid in an amount equalrtoi-onehalfof one per cent of, the ma terial to be treated and diluted toa'specific gravity of aboutfll? Baum and subjecting the material toa"temperature of substan- --,tially 325. Fahrenheit until 'a sugarcontent ofiiionoa and poly-saccharide sugars, is obtainedi' p =73gThe'process of amylolysis which comrises treating a substantially drystarch material with dilute aeidin an amount aproximately. five per centof the. material to."

' e treated, subjecting the material, so treated, to-heat untilsubstantially all of the water content is driven ofi' and continuingvthe heatin at a higher temperature until a *subs'tanfia 1y dry producthaving asugar content of upwards of six per centof monoandoly-saccharide sugars, is obtained.

8. he process of amylolys'ls which comprises rapidly bringingasubstantially dry, and maintaining the material at approxisuitablestarch material to a temperature of mately such temperature for upwardsof one 10 substantially three hundred and twenty-five hour, to produce asubstantially dry product degrees Fahrenheit in the presence of an acidcontaining monoand poly-saccharide sugars.

in an amount equal to approxin'lately one In witness whereof I hereuntosubscribe half of one per cent of the material to be my name this 15thday of December, 'A'. D. treated and diluted to a specific gravity of1921.

approximately eleven degrees 11) Baum; ROBERT E; BRIGHT.

